> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://handbook.bsdcn.org/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://handbook.bsdcn.org/di-2-zhang-an-zhuang-freebsd/2.9.-gu-zhang-pai-chu.md).

# 2.9.故障排除

本节涉及基本的安装故障排除，如常见问题。

请查看 [FreeBSD 发行信息](https://www.freebsd.org/releases/)页面上列出的硬件注意事项，确保硬件受支持。

> **注意**
>
> 某些安装问题可以通过更新各种硬件组件的固件来避免或缓解——最明显的是主板。主板固件通常被称为 BIOS。大多数主板和计算机制造商都有一个提供固件升级和升级信息的网站。
>
> 制造商通常建议若非必要，不要升级主板 BIOS，仅当出现关键更新等情况时才考虑升级。升级过程 *可能* 出现问题，导致 BIOS 不完整，进而使计算机无法正常工作。

如果系统在引导时探测硬件时卡住，或在安装过程中表现异常，ACPI 可能是罪魁祸首。在 i386 和 amd64 平台上，FreeBSD 在引导期间检测到系统 ACPI 服务时，会大量使用它来帮助系统配置。遗憾的是，ACPI 驱动程序以及系统主板和 BIOS 固件中仍然存在一些错误。可通过在第三阶段引导加载程序中设置 hint `hint.acpi.0.disabled` 来禁用 ACPI：

```sh
set hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"
```

每次系统引导时，这个设置都会被重置，因此需要将 `hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"` 添加到文件 `/boot/loader.conf`。有关引导加载程序的更多信息，请参见 [“概述”](/di-15-zhang-freebsd-de-yin-dao-guo-cheng/15.1.-gai-shu.md)。


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